Dificuldades nas operações de multiplicação e divisão: uma proposta de atividade baseada na história da matemática

Abstract

This present research work had as objective to present a didactic proposal based on the History of Mathematics for the teaching and learning of multiplication and division operations, of a 6th grade elementary school's class. The research was conducted at a public school in the city of Mamanguape - PB. The work has a referenced part based on authors who contributed with their studies to analyze and deepen the research. Among these authors we can cite Lorensatti (2012), Toledo and Toledo (1997), Mendes (2001), official documents such as SAEB (2008) and PCN (1997/1998). The research classify itself in relation to its objectives as an exploratory research. In relation to the research data, a case study was realiced, through the diagnostic evaluation, which was noticed the main difficulties faced by the students in the multiplication and division operations, having this research result as a basis for the formulation of activities that would bring The History of Mathematics in the exercises proposed by us. The diagnostic evaluation was consisted of eight questions, which involved situations, problems, understanding and solving, and personal questions that served to a better observation in the moment of the intervention and that through some results were able to prepare a proposal aimed at solving or improving the Teaching the operations discussed of division and multiplication. Through the research we have perspectives to contribute with future scientific studies on multiplication and division operations which, despite the support of theoretical synthesis and analysis of the results, we can plan a better adaptation and planning of how these operations should be implemented.