Políticas de militarização e combate ao crime organizado: mapeamento das políticas públicas nos estados de Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará e Paraíba

Abstract

The present research seeks to map public security policies in the states of Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará and Paraíba, with the aim of identifying militarization trends in them. In particular, it aims to understand possible militarization trends in these four northeastern states over the last ten years. To achieve this goal, a triangulation of data was made based on documentary research of state security plans, press reports and official reports. Considering that criminal organizations behave and change the dynamics of peripheral northeastern urban regions, the state often responds to this challenge by implementing militarized security policies that result in the police adopting military standards. In turn, the peripheries become targets of repressive and violent measures. With this in mind, it was hoped to understand how militarized policies occur in the states examined and the effects caused to communities and to the functioning of military and police institutions. The results reveal that, in the decade of 2010, criminal organizations expanded in the Northeast region and caused an increase in violence in the states. Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará and Paraíba adopted regressive and social security policies to solve the problem; however, in practice, the strategies implemented differed from those planned and did not result in significant changes in violence rates. It was verified that the civil police, through special groups and divisions that combat organized crime in a violent way, have indicators of militarization, which proves that there are militarisation trends in the four states analyzed.