Transparência da informação: uma análise dos Institutos Federais de Educação classificados a partir do índice de omissão da informação pública

Abstract

In the brazilian organizational context, where public bodies and entities in Brazil must comply with the guidelines of the Law on Access to Information and active transparency, it is an oblig-atory duty to strengthen the information culture, since this enables the indispensable network access to a large number of people in society. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the causes associated with the opacity of transparency of public information in Brazil's Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology, classified according to the public information omission index. Thus, the research problem guiding this study is: what are the causes of opacity in Brazil's Federal Institutes of Education in the application of active transparency? It was based on the hypothesis that public institutions often neglect or are unaware of the guidelines of Active Transparency of Information. Given this scenario, the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology were chosen to identify the existing gaps in information transparency, with a view to contributing to guidelines that favor democratic access to public information. To this end, the official electronic portals of these Institutes were analyzed according to the guidelines established by the Active Transparency Guide and it was also checked to what extent the ele-ments that make up the information culture of these Institutions represent obstacles to achieving Active Information Transparency. In terms of methodology, this research is classified as ex-planatory, with a qualitative approach and structured as a multiple case study. Data collection procedures included direct observation of the five institutional websites of the selected institutes and a semi-structured interview with the Monitoring Authorities of the Access to Information Law. The data obtained in the investigation was treated and interpreted using the content anal-ysis technique, following five central categories: active transparency; ethics and formality; monitoring and control; sharing and communication; and competence.The results show that the causes that make compliance with Active Transparency unfeasible are related to the institutional structural context, the information management model, the lack of improvement in technolog-ical resources, the lack of competence and, above all, problems related to information culture. It was concluded that the elements that make up the information culture must be seen in an inseparable way in the continuous management of information, in order to achieve organiza-tional purposes, such as changes in the indicators of information opacity on institutional web-sites. This is because, although the importance of information transparency is widely recognized- both by society and in the organizational environment - it is weakened when, in practice, there is no behaviour that reflects this knowledge and these guidelines. In the same way, if there is no formal flow for transparency, combined with information management, internal regulations, training that improves knowledge, efficient technological resources and an environment con-ducive to the development of behaviors aligned with this purpose, information transparency becomes only theoretical - without practical concretion, real implementation or effectiveness in everyday organizational life. In this sense, the proposed guidelines presented and defended in this thesis are essential for improving transparency and mitigating informational opacity.