Contratações temporárias na administração municipal paraibana: entre o excepcional interesse público e os limites de contratação (2020-2025)

Abstract

Temporary hiring for exceptional public interest constitutes an exception to the constitutional rule of entry into public service through competitive examination, as provided for in the Federal Constitution. This type of contractual relationship must comply with the constitutional principles that guide public management, such as legality, impartiality, and efficiency, and is permitted only in specific situations and for a specific term. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the municipalities in Paraíba that use temporary contracts from 2020 to May 2025, identifying and correlating their profiles based on variables such as: Population (POP), Mesoregion (MESQ), GDP per capita (GDP), Firjan Municipal Development Index (IFDM), Firjan Fiscal Management Index (IFGF), Permanent Public Servants (SEF), and Temporarily Contracted Public Servants (SCT). To this end, an exploratory-descriptive approach was used, based on quantitative data extracted from the SAGRES system of the Court of Auditors of Paraíba/PB. The study focused on analyzing socioeconomic statistical indicators extracted from the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) and the Firjan System, in addition to applying association and dependency analyses, such as Spearman's correlation and logistic regression. The results point to a gradual reduction in the number of permanent employees and a significant increase in temporary hiring, with several municipalities exceeding the 30% limit established by the TCE/PB. This scenario highlights weaknesses in personnel management and reinforces the need to strengthen institutional control mechanisms, intensify oversight, and formulate public policies that promote a greater balance between permanent and temporary positions in municipal administration.