Coccidioidomicose e coccidioides spp. a partir

Abstract

Systemic mycoses consist of a serious public health problem, either due to the difficulty in diagnosis or the difficulty in the treatment. Among them, coccidioidomycosis (CM), which is endemic in the American Continent and in the Brazilian Northeast, stands out. The infection occurs by the inhalation of enterotrophic arthropods, dispersed in the air of C. immitis and C. posadasii, which are dimorphic, geophilic, desert or semi-arid regions. It has predominantly pulmonary character, being 60 % asymptomatic; however, the skin, larynx, bones, joints and meninges may also be compromised. This work had the objective of elaborating a narrative literature review of up to date information on CM, taxonomy of its etiological agents, eco-epidemiology, diagnosis and therapeutics. Its construction was based on national and international publications of articles, scientific journals, books, dissertations and theses of the databases: SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), VHL (Virtual Health Library), Institutional Repository of the Federal University of Ceará and Medline / PubMed and Google Academic search on the site. CM provokes a faster and more accurate diagnosis, since without effective treatment it can lead to death. The available data on endemic areas, prevalence, incidence and morbidity of this mycosis are based on cases of intradermal inquiries and case reports. Discussions, reflections and research on the problem, especially for the regions considered endemic, such as the Brazilian Northeast, will serve as a source of knowledge for health professionals and managers, who can organize a program of epidemiological surveillance, passing through the CM to be mandatory notification, organization of a care network and even the availability of medicines.