Diversidade de vespas parasitoides e predadoras do bicho mineiro e caracterização da fenologia floral e dos visitantes florais do cafeeiro no brejo paraibano

Abstract

Functional biodiversity is essential for the ecological balance and sustainability of agroecosystems, particularly through the provision of services such as biological control and pollination. However,the expansion of conventional agriculture and the intensive use of pesticides have compromised these services, including in crops of high economic importance, such as coffee, In Brazil, the control of coffee pests such as Leucoptera coffeella (coffee lear miner) is still largely carried out with chemical inputs, despite the recognized potential of parasitoid Hymenoptera and pollinating bees as sustainable alternatives. In this dissertation, the functional biodiversity of Hymenoptera associated with Coffea arabica cutivation was investigated in two agroecosystems in the Brejo region of Paraiba. The study was developed in two main axes: (1) analysis of coffee leaf miner infestation and the diversity of parasitoid and predatory wasps under different management practices; and (2) characterization of coffee flowering phenology and doral visitors, with emphasis on native social bees as polinators. The results broaden the understanding of the interactions between agriculture manegement, funcional biodiversity, and ecosystem services, reinforcing the importants of agroecological strategies for the sustainability of family-based coffee farming.