Desempenho do Ensino Fundamental nos municipios do Estado da Paraiba uma análise empirica sobre a importância de fatores socioeconómicos e de estrutura escolar

Abstract

This research analyzes the variables that influence the educational performance of municipalities in the state of Paraíba, Brazil, in both early and final years of primary education, based on the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB). Using panel data collected from 2015 to 2021 and applying econometric models with fixed effects and pooled least squares estimators, the study evaluates the impact of socioeconomic factors, school infrastructure, and teacher qualification on educational outcomes. The findings indicate that, in the early years, reducing extreme poverty and aligning teacher training with their area of expertise are key to improving IDEB scores. In the final years, in addition to teacher qualification, access to the internet for pedagogical purposes shows a positive and significant effect on school performance. The results contribute to the enhancement of educational public policies by demonstrating that targeted interventions in teacher qualification and technological infrastructure can produce meaningful improvements in the quality of basic education in Paraíba.