OS BIOMAS DA REGIÃO SEMIÁRIDA: ASPECTOS TERRITORIAIS

Abstract

Part of the Atlantic forest Biomes, Cerrado and Caatinga understand what is called Brazilian semi-arid region covers 980,857 km2; 1,135 municipalities and part of nine States of Piauí Federation: Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Minas Gerais and two Northeast and Southeast regions with a total population of 22,620,637 habitants, being 14,013,353 on urban population and rural population 8,607,274. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate how these Biomes are inserted in each State which forms the Semi-arid Region; what are the areas occupied by the same in each; which existing populations, and especially what the proportionality of each Biome in the semi-arid area of each State. In this way, using the database of the IBGE – Brazilian Institute of geography and statistics it was found that the Atlantic forest Biome occupies 54,783.36 km2 (17.27% and 72 municipalities) and total population of 1,248,417 inhabitants (5.70%) urban population 840.696 HAB. (4.54%) and rural population of 407,721 HAB. (12.06%) from Brazilian Semi-arid; the Cerrado Biome occupies 56,508 .89 km2 (13.35% and 30 municipalities), the total population of 339,402 inhabitants (7.24%) urban population 157.692 HAB. (4.38%) and rural population of 181,710 HAB. (19.69%) the Caatinga Biome 660,053 .49 km2 (92.89% 858 and municipalities), the total population of 16,349,104 inhabitants (78.46%) urban population 9.898,777 HAB. (72.34%) and rural population of 6.450327 HAB. (90.11%) the transition Caatinga/Atlantic 55,841 .92 km2 (75.80% and 98 municipalities), the total population of 3,414,236 habitants (57.83%) urban population of 2,417 622 HAB. (56.18%) and rural population of 996,604 HAB. (62.24%) the transition Caatinga/Cerrado 129,777 .99 km2 (84.79% and 55 municipalities), the total population of 933,894 habitants (39.69%) urban population of 517.986 HAB. (31%) and rural population of 415,908 HAB. (60.96%) the transition Caatinga/Cerrado/Atlantic 6,190 .77 km2 (100.00% and 05 municipalities), the total population of 105,354 HAB. (100.00%), the urban population of 55,838 HAB. (100.00%) and rural population of 49,516 HAB. (100.00%) and the transition Cerrado /Atlantic 15,607 .39 km2 (14.65% and 17 municipalities) and total population of 207,911 habitants (3.05%) urban population of 114,507 HAB. (1.80%) and rural population of 93,404 HAB. (20.84%) In the study of the Biomes of the Semi-arid Region in addition to the breadth of their Biomes have to consider themselves their transitions since, if for the Biomes "themselves" there is no consensus among researchers in the transitional area are earning greater deepening in its characterizations in reason to substantiate better legal criteria, planning and management.