Participação social em casa de crianças com transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação: revisão de escopo

Abstract

Introduction: Occupational therapy addresses various concepts about social participation and how it influences the performance of subjects' other occupations. In the family, this social participation occurs through involvement in characteristic activities that constitute specific and/or desirable family roles. One of the factors that can influence the performance of these roles is the incidence of some disorder or atypical development in these children. Therefore, one of the conditions that can impact the social participation of children is Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Objectives: the objective of this study is to carry out a review of the existing literature, to identify how the social participation of children with difficulties in motor skills in the family environment is presented by researchers in the field, thus highlighting the impacts that BDD can have in this participation. Methods: This study is a scoping review. The database chosen to carry out the research was the CAPES Periódicos Portal with the following keywords among descriptors in English and Portuguese: Social participation, Motor skills disorder, Family and Developmental Coordination Disorder, and texts in English were included , Portuguese and Spanish of original articles, experience reports, case studies and practice analyzes that contained in the title the relationship of social participation of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder or motor skills disorder and presented in the abstract and in the body of the text study on this participation in the family environment. No limit was established regarding the period of publications. Texts that were not available in full, literature review articles, editorials or letters to the editor, course completion works, theses and dissertations were excluded. Results: 1924 articles were found. After reading the titles, 65 articles were included that identified the social participation of children with DCD in the title. When excluding duplicates, the abstracts of 30 articles were read, with 16 excluded that did not present the social participation of children in the family environment (home). Thus, 14 articles were selected for reading in full. After this reading, 8 articles were excluded as they did not meet the inclusion criteria, leaving 6 articles included in the study. Discussion: Children with BDD may have difficulty participating in activities at home, which can lead to problems with self-efficacy, social interaction, and development. Therapeutic interventions focused on increasing functional motor skills, considering activity levels, and promoting participation in meaningful activities may be effective in improving participation for these children at home. Conclusion: this review showed that the studies brought a variety of aspects identified as challenges in the family environment related to how these children participate in activities that take place in this environment, as well as relational factors with family members.