PANDEMIA, DEMOCRACIA E ELEIÇÕES: IMPACTO DA COVID-19 NO PROCESSO ELEITORAL BRASILEIRO

Abstract

This Undergraduate Thesis analyzes the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Brazilian electoral process, examining the institutional and legal adaptations implemented for the 2020 Municipal Elections and, subsequently, the effects of the health crisis on the 2022 General Elections. Through theoretical and empirical research, it assesses the role of the Superior Electoral Court and the National Congress in addressing the need to reconcile the protection of public health with the preservation of constitutional order, highlighting the enactment of Constitutional Amendment No. 107/2020 and the adoption of innovative measures, such as the expanded use of digital tools and the establishment of a health and safety protocol for the municipal elections. Furthermore, the study highlights the repercussions of the pandemic on the so-called Voting Age Group (18 to 69 years old), with the loss of 280,442 voters due to COVID-19, a number that could potentially affect more than 890 electoral sections across the country. Acknowledging its methodological limitations, this research contributes to understanding Brazilian democratic resilience in the face of public emergencies, while emphasizing the need for future studies that incorporate additional variables to deepen the analysis of the relationship between public health, democracy and electoral processes.