Apresentação atipica de sertolioma em testiculo escrotal em cão geriatrico: Relato de caso

Abstract

The present study aims to report an atypical case of a Sertoli cell tumor located in the scrotal testis of a geriatric dog, as well as to review the relevant literature on the clinical, pathological, and therapeutic aspects of this condition. Sertolioma represents a frequent testicular neoplasm in elderly dogs, classically associated with cryptorchidism, and possesses the ability to autonomously secrete estrogens, triggering the feminization syndrome and, in advanced stages, fatal myelotoxicity. The methodology is based on the description of the clinical, diagnostic, and surgical care of a twelve-year-old Poodle dog that presented progressive testicular enlargement, bilateral symmetrical alopecia, and gynecomastia. Laboratory evaluation ruled out the presence of bone marrow suppression, while abdominal ultrasonography confirmed severe enlargement and hypervascularization of the left testicle, associated with atrophy of the contralateral right testicle. The adopted treatment consisted of surgical intervention through bilateral orchiectomy combined with scrotal ablation, indicated due to the large dimensions of the tumor mass. The histopathological report confirmed the definitive diagnosis of a Sertoli cell tumor, evidencing the palisade cellular pattern in the left testicle and intense degeneration in the right one. The study concludes that this neoplasm requires inclusion in the differential diagnosis even in animals with descended testicles, and demonstrates that rigorous staging coupled with early surgical excision are fundamental measures to prevent irreversible damage to the bone marrow and ensure a favorable prognosis. Keywords: sertoli cell; neoplasm; histopathologica; feminization.