Por uma voz dos oprimidos na sala de aula : Lima Barreto o cronista das mazelas sociais da primeira república

Abstract

This work is bibliographic in nature and aims to construct an interpretation of the condition of Black people during the First Republic period, based on the work Recordações do Escrivão Isaías Caminha (Memoirs of the Scribe Isaías Caminha), written by Lima Barreto, directing our interpretation towards the construction of a pedagogical tool, which will be a didactic sequence. We hope that this work, through the pedagogical tool developed, will enable the delivery of history lessons that seek to break with the vision of hegemonic groups and allow for a history seen from below, giving visibility to groups that have been marginalized by traditional historiography. Given this intention, we seek to discuss the elements used by Lima Barreto to address the issue of the exclusion of Black people during the First Republic period; while also presenting approaches that, when used in the classroom, can contribute to a less hegemonic and more pluralistic view of history. In addition to using the book Recordações do Escrivão Isaías caminha as the corpus of this work, we also used other works by Lima Barreto, such as Crônicas escolhidas (1995) and Triste Fim de Policarpo Quaresma (2004). We used works by authors who have studied the life and work of Lima Barreto, as well as his historical context, such as Prado (1989), Lilia Schwarcz (2017), and Barbosa (2017). We also used the concepts of Thompson (2001) and Sharpe (1992) on history seen from below, and Walter Benjamin's (1985) assumptions of giving visibility to the forgotten. In effect, we hope that this work can contribute to the interpretation of the First Republic period, using Lima Barreto's literature as a guiding thread for a more pluralistic history in the classroom.