FITONEMATOIDES ASSOCIADOS A CULTURA DA BANANEIRA EM PROPRIEDADES RURAIS NO MUNICÍPIO DE AREIA-PB

Abstract

The banana (Musa sp.) Is the main product of the international trade of fresh fruits of the world. Its cultivation is of great social importance, since it generates jobs in the countryside and in the city, being the source of income of many families, consequently, it contributes to the economic development of the producing regions. Among the diseases that affect the banana crop and cause significant losses, are those caused by phytonematoids, which has been responsible for severe damage, resulting in reduced productivity and economic losses. In Paraíba there is insufficient information on the genus of nematodes that affect banana farming. Thus, this work had the objective of verifying the existence of the phytonematoids associated to the banana production areas in the city of Areia-PB. The present work was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory (LAFIT), belonging to the Department of Phytotechnology and Environmental Sciences, of the Agricultural Sciences Center (CCA) of the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Areia-PB located in the Brejo Paraibano micro-region. The samples were from ten simple samples of 500 g of soil per property to a depth of up to 20 cm, followed by a zig-zag path, later homogenized and samples composed of about 500 g were removed, packed in polyethylene bags. The extraction of the nematodes was by the centrifugal flotation method in sucrose solution, as proposed by Jenkins (1964). Subsequently the inverted optical microscope was taken for identification at the genus level. All 10 properties sampled in the municipality were contaminated by several nematode genera. Helicotylenchus sp, Meloidogyne sp, Rotylenchulus sp and Pratylenchus sp. were the main genera in the banana sampled. Being the Meloidogyne sp. and Helicotylenchus sp. the most dominant genera among the samples, since they presented a higher frequency, being widely distributed in all the properties sampled.