APA das Onças: gestão do território e desafios para conservação dos ecossistemas. João Pessoa – PB 2011.

Abstract

At the beginning of the 19th century, the world met a new kind of exploitation in the environment that caused a high level of degradation in the nature, these changes appeared since the Industrial Revolution and brought to the different social actors the concern with the environmental problem, that is presented as environmental crisis. So, the West Society takes as basis for the nature preservation the model of protected areas. In Brazil, the first project of protected areas appeared with the Forest Code in 1934. In 18th July 2000 the Federal Law 9.985 established the National System of Conservation Units that divides the CU into two categories, they are: Integral Protection Units, that only admits the indirect usage of its natural resources; and Sustainable Usage Units, that proposes the sustainable usage of part of its natural resources. The Jaguar Environmental Protection Area is inserted in the second category above. This work has as objective to make a confrontation between the regiment in the State Decree 22.880/2002, that created the Jaguar EPA, taking as basis the criteria and rules established by the SNUC, and the reality found in the EPA territories. The high number of problems found in field work demonstrated the lack of effective control by the responsible entities. In this work, the problems detected were classified into four categories: the usage of the riverbed, coal production, coivara, and mosaic cultivation. This lack of control, joined with the absence of an action for environmental education of the resident population (traditional), and also the delay in the elaboration of the control plan, are the main problems found in the Jaguar EPA, that in the end propitiate the existence of the environmental irregularities highlighted on this research.