Atualidades no diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus ( DM) is a disease of multifactorial etiology characterized by pres enting a set of metabolic changes generated as a result of deficiencies in the production mechanism or insulin action in peripheral s tissues, and is mainly connected to the presence of hyperglycemia. Considered a chronic disease of high prevalence, constit utes a public health problem owing to the large increase in incidence in recent decades. This factor is related to both the growth in life expectancy of the population, but also to hi gh rates of physical inactivity , the use of inadequate eating habits and rising obesity levels, major consequences of growing urbanization and modernization of lifestyle. This study had like objective to do a review of the literature, showing the relevance of diagnostic tests and disease monitoring, and analyzing new treatment methodologies adopted to slow the advance of DM. Since this disease is often accompanied by microvascular and macrovascular complications, primarily affecting the cardiovascular system and the nervous system, such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy , due to accumulation of glycated proteins in tissues when glucose is found in high concentrations. Therefore , in order to prevent or delay complications of the disease is essential to perform an early diagnosis of DM , to be evaluated and adopted measure s for its control , it would also be necessary to conduct constant monitoring of this disease by performing tests monitoring