Quantificação de perdas de materia prima no campo para diferentes regulagens de uma colhedora de cana-deaçúcar no municipio de Arês – RN

Abstract

The technique of production of sugarcane has been shown that the evolution related to the use of machines, implements, transportation and handling techniques. The mechanized harvesting of sugarcane is increasingly present in the production systems in Brazil. The aim of this study was to quantify the different types of raw material losses from different operational adjustments in attempting to suggest operational improvements and further determine the setting most appropriate allowable to minimize this kind of losses. The experiment was performed at the Limoal Farm, which belongs to the Usina Estivas, located in North BR 101, KM 60 - ARES / RN with the coordinates 6° 11' 40" of south latitude and 35° 09' 37" west longitude, presenting which presents a type of solo Quartzipsamment Podzolic Neossolo (Embrapa, 2006), the present variety was the RB 9364 with the TCH around 41 t/ha and the model of harvester studied was the JOHN DEERE ® - treadmill - Model 3520. Were evaluated 12 treatments, related to different operating adjustments, which varied the advance speed, rotation of primary extractor, adjustment of the chipper roll blades. From the results obtained, the more efficient treatment was the 11 (operating speed - 8km/h, rotation of primary extractor - 1100 RPM, the chipper roll adjustment - 60%), followed by the treatment number 9 (operation speed - 8 km/h, rotation of the primary extractor - 800 RPM, the chipper roll adjustment - 60%). Both treatments present equal speed operation and adjustment of the chipper roll, differing only the rotation of the primary extractor (1100 and 800 rpm), respectively, being this variable responsible for an increase of losses equivalent to 136.50 kg/ha.