A influência das recomendações do zoneamento bioclimático brasileiro no desempenho térmico da envoltória de edificações de interesse social nos municípios da Paraíba

Abstract

In Brazil, the technical standards for thermal performance of buildings [NBR 15.220:3 (ABNT, 2005)], acts as a guideline for design in architecture in order to reduce energy consumption and allow better building efficiency providing appropriate criteria for each climate zone. This research aims to evaluate, according to the parameters suggested by the standards, the thermal performance of building envelope of social housing in cities within different climate zones, in the state of Paraíba. This research follows four steps: 1) description of the climate in the cities of João Pessoa, Campina Grande and Patos based on climatic data schedules from typical reference years for each city; 2) definition of the base case and reference models, considering a single-family building, following the standards suggested recommendations for opaque and transparent surfaces; 3) configuration of the numerical model to simulate the studied parameters, and finally, 4) evaluation method for thermal performance, using the working temperature as an index of comfort, according to the adaptive model for naturally ventilated buildings. It was perceived that the recommendations for thermal transmittance suggested by the standard are not suitable for social housing buildings in João Pessoa and Patos, whereas resulting appropriate for the climate conditions of Campina Grande. It was also noted that increased opening areas do not ensure better performances, resulting in some cases in increased heat gains, therefore increasing internal temperature. To sum up, the three cities showed diverse results, under climatic conditions that require more consistent criteria, thus confirming the need to update the recommendations and constructive guidelines of this technical standard.