Gestão ambiental sob a perspectiva estratégica: um retrato do setor sucroalcooleiro nacional

Abstract

The main goal of this research was to identify the environmental management approaches characteristics, under a strategic perspective, used but companies from the sugar/ethanol brazilian sector. To reach this goal, a cross-sectional quantitative descriptive research was held. The method used was survey, and data collection was made through a phone questionnaire. The research population was compound by 364 companies. The collected sample was 102 companies. For data analysis, it was used parametric and nonparametric descriptive statistics technics. Initially, a sector profile was created in which can be observed that the medium-large companies are majority, followed by the large and medium organizations. Regarding to environmental management position, it was verified that it is predominantly occupied by male sex workers and that there s no direct relationship between the position existence and the level of environmental management occupied by the company. Regarding to the motivating factors for the efforts in favor of the environment, the following variables, in decreasing order, were diagnosed: legislation, environmental impacts, company image, competitiveness, cost and, at last, credit. About the environmental management levels, it was observed that it wasn t possible to classify the sugar alcohol factory precisely with only three stages, according to what was suggested by the literature. Therefore, two more levels were added, changing the classification to the following composition: control, advanced control, prevention, advanced prevention and proactive. More than 60% of the interviewed companies are in the advanced prevention level. About the environmental management practices, rankings about realizations were created, and a intersection between practices and levels was made. The most used practices are related to toxic substances control and about the use of bio fertilizers. At last, it was studied how the process of environmental strategies happens. Data shows that the prior claim relies on planned strategy. It means that organization elaborate in advance its actions, then formalize and disseminate its intentions. Throughout this data, it can be stated that the interviewed companies are on the way to environmental priority, through the use of diverse ecological sustainable practices.