Aproveitamento de subprodutos do abate (sangue, vísceras, retraços) de caprinos e ovinos na elaboração de chouriço e patê

Abstract

The concern about environmental impacts and food safety has led to an increased interest and need to find rational alternatives to obtain food. Therefore, this study aimed to present alternatives to the use of by-products from the slaughter of goats and sheep (viscera, blood and meat fragments) with the development of two products - pâté and smoked chorizo. The experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments for each product, which were added of greater percentage of blood and sheep liver for pâté, goat blood and viscera (kidney and heart) to prepare the chorizo. The results demonstrated that both products showed excellent nutritional and sensory quality. Among the pâté formulations, formulation 2 with 25% liver, 13% blood and 12% meat fragments stood out (p <0.05) regarding protein (15.70%), phosphorus (254mg/100g), potassium (145 mg/100 g) and magnesium contents (13.80 mg/100g), as well as sensory quality attributes for appearance, flavor, overall acceptance and purchase intent. Formulation 1, with 13% liver, 13% blood and 24% meat fragments stood out (p <0.05) with 61.44% unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), especially oleic (38.25%) and linoleic fatty acids (15.61%). Formulation 1, with 10% viscera, 30% blood and 40% meat fragments stood out (p <0.05) regarding protein (19.38%), potassium ( 147mg/100g), magnesium (15.60 mg/100g) and zinc contents (2.51 mg/100 g); formulation 2, with 30% viscera, blood 30% and 20% meat fragments stood out regarding phosphorus (357 mg / 100g) and sensory quality for most sensory parameters (appearance, color, aroma, texture, overall acceptance and purchase intent). Formulation 4 with 30% viscera, 50% blood and without the addition of meat fragments stood out (p <0.05) for iron (22, 85 mg / 100g), total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), with 62.94%, especially oleic (38 88%) and linoleic fatty acids (15.35%) and for flavor sensory parameter (7.3). Given these results, the preparation of pâté and smoked chorizo is a viable alternative to the use of by-products from the slaughter of sheep and goats and may contribute to increase the supply of processed meat products, with environmental and economic gain, favoring all, in particular consumers.