Jovens e o espaço escolar em fracasso: táticas de resistência no processo de escolarização

Abstract

In the history of Young and Young Adults Education, there was many advances on theoretical and legal level, but alongside this discursive progress, there are many inconsistencies related to school failure inside our schools: children who fail during childhood, grow up, become adolescents and young adults, then they are directed to EJA classrooms and they keep failing. In this context, this thesis deals with the process of schooling in failure of young people in Young and Young Adults Education. We seek to reflect about their increasing apply for this education modality to analyze the tactics used by young people and their teachers in the schooling process in failure. Our assumption is that young people who remain in EJA modality do not suit the program organized by the school, but they believe it can still lead them to social mobility, even if it is just through certification, which they pursue reacting through tactics also developed by their teachers who favor their approval for upper grades, demonstrating dissatisfaction with a process which remains excluding the students and in which they insistently wish to be included. For this purpose, it was selected as the theoretical-methodological framework the qualitative research and the ethnographic approach, as they are closer to the focus of our investigation. We worked with observation, which has been done from April to December 2011 in four classrooms from two public schools placed in João Pessoa, Paraíba, and with the semi structured interview carried out with eight young people and three teachers who were part of Third Cycle of these same schools. We have taken as the main theoretical reference the literature on school failure by Charlot (2000), and on daily life by Certeau (1994, 1996), for the unveiling of educational practice. The data analysis validates the thesis that there is a failure of Basic Education and that young people who are in EJA nowadays, have experienced failure situations at school when they were children, they continue to experience the same situations when they reach EJA, and they possibly create actions to overcome these situations of failure in pursuing social mobility, which are understood in this work as tactics of resistance to what is proposed by the school and they pursue for benefits. These tactics were also reflected by a positive reading, in which overcoming signs have been identified for a better pedagogical organization of the school regarding failure situations, which may contribute to deepen the theoretical and intervention assumptions to transform educational practices experienced by young people from EJA