Influência de um ambiente lúdico sobre o poder vital de crianças em quimioterapia ambulatorial, seus acompanhantes e da equipe de enfermagem

Abstract

The diagnosis and treatment of childhood cancer brings much suffering for the child and his family. For some people, cancer is seen as an indication of approaching death. The nursing care, occur in this reality. The search for the humanization of the hospital environment can help to minimize the suffering of children, their caregivers and nursing staff. Florence Nightingale said that one of the defining of a person's health status and disease is the environment around them, their conditions and influences. We aimed o analyze the influence of a playful outpatient setting on the vital power of children in chemotherapy, their caregivers and nursing staff. This is a qualitative study conducted in a children's outpatient chemotherapy service (Aquário Carioca), between May and June 2010 and October 2013. The subjects were 10 caregivers of the children attending the outpatient chemotherapy and 9 members of the nursing staff working in the Carioca Aquarium. We used the in-depth interview for the production of empirical material. Followed the principles of thematic analysis for interpretation of the material produced. The concepts described in Environmentalist Theory, along with literature, substantiate the results and discussion. We were create three empirical categories. The first: Vital Power of children in playful environment for chemotherapy; with two sub-categories: external environment to children with cancer and internal environment to children with cancer. The second: playful outpatient chemotherapy of child and the vital power of the caregivers, with two subcategories: favoring the vital power and weakening of the vital power. The third: care in child chemotherapy room: vital power of the nursing team, with three sub categories: environmental context for child care in outpatient chemotherapy; principle of operation in child chemotherapy room; feelings of nursing staff in the care of everyday. Empirical data from field research support the contention that a playful and proper care environment for the child outpatient chemotherapy, humanizes nursing care and influences the vital power of children with cancer, caregivers and nursing staff.