Vibrações de passarelas de pedestres na direção vertical considerando modelos biodinâmicos de pessoas caminhando

Abstract

One of the standard procedures for analyzing the dynamic behavior of a footbridge is to build a virtual model and do simulations considering the mechanics involved. Until recently, in terms of forces applied on structures by pedestrians, only the forces applied by the feet of the pedestrians while they walk were considered. For single individuals crossings a footbridge, the force model is a good representation of the dynamic action of the pedestrian, but in cases of crossings of groups and crowds there were differences between the response obtained from the responses of force model and measured responses on actual structures. Some studies have found evidence that groups of people change the system by adding mass and damping. To fill this gap between the force model and experimental response, the e pedestrian was modeled not only through the forces applied on the structure when walking, but also adding to this force a S1GL to take into account the contributions of mass and damping of the human body structure. This dynamic system that represents each individual is called biodynamic model and the crowd of pedestrians were formed by a group of these systems. The parameters of this model were determined through a process of minimization of equations obtained from the generic response of a S1GL, taking as input the forces applied by foot to the floor, the body mass of the individual, the step rate and the acceleration measured near the individual center of gravity while walking. This process led to correlation expressions where it was possible to obtain the parameters of S1GL from body mass and step rates for a given individual. In sequence, these models were coupled to the model of a footbridge in an amount corresponding to the occupancy rate, so as to compare the responses of the model with actual experimental measurements on the footbridge. It was observed that the responses of a footbridge model with the inclusion of biodynamic models showed a very close agreement to the corresponding response measured on the actual structure, confirming the initial premise.