Análise de séries de vazão de captações de nascentes na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Gramame

Abstract

The watershed of Gramame River in Paraiba southern coast, is of great importance and requires careful attention, with regard to the maintenance of their water supply, being responsible for approximately 70 % of urban water supply in the metropolitan area of João Pessoa, capital of the state of Paraíba. Presents several perennial springs with significant flows that serve local communities. This study aimed to analyze four sets of flows of funding sources in the river basin Gramame and rainfall data, as its homogeneity. The works were carried out in the catchment areas of Cabelão springs, Cacimba da Rosa, Nova Aurora and Fazendinha, all located on the upper reaches of the watershed, the municipality of Pedras de Fogo, PB. The monthly data of rainfall and flow were collected from January 2010 to March 2013. The rainfall data were obtained from government agencies in the region. The measures of monthly flows were performed using the methods for funding in shallow wells and abstraction spring of slopes using drains with pipe. For the analysis of homogeneity of streamflow and rainfall series, trend curves of the series were employed, the Pettit test, to determine possible break points of the homogeneity of the series, "U" test to check the stationarity of the series. As main results we have that abstraction that presents itself as the most vulnerable to external influences in the production of water uptake is the big hair, the coefficient of variation ( CV ) was 0.72; Cacimba da Rosa, uptake was which showed less vulnerability to the CV of 0.17, it was found the application of the Pettit test to check for possible breaks in the time series which rupture in all series of flow between the months of April and June, the average of the sub - of rainfall precipitation analyzed series were not equal, the " U" test, at a significance level of 5.6 %, which explains the break in the flow verified by the Pettit test series