Avaliação das propriedades tóxicas antiinflamatórias e cicatrizantes do extrato de cravo-da-Índia Syzygium aromaticum (L) Merr. & LM Perry

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of the extract of clove. It was established through the calculation of LD50 by the method of Karber and Behrens (1964) through intraperitoneal and oral routes in mice (Mus musculus). The inflammation and wound-healing process (cicatrization) were evaluated using electric burns in the back of mice albino wistar (Rattus novergicus) treaties with a dermatologic cream with 5% clove extract compared with other two groups: placebo and 5% dexpanthenol (positive-control). The animals were sacrificed in groups in the 2nd, 7th and 14th day of treatment. The results of the study demonstrated the toxicological tests evidenced high toxicity for intraperitoneal route (LD50 = 255 mg/kg) and nontoxic for oral route after complementary dilution of the lipophilic portion of the extract in sunflower oil. The histological evaluation of the surgical specimens demonstrated that the dermatologic cream contributed to the reduction of the infiltrated polymorphonuclear inflammatory cells, and with a great increase of fibroplasias between the 2nd and 7th day of treatment, when compared to placebo and 5%dexpanthenol group. It can be concluded that clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) has potential for the development of a cutaneous phytotherapeutic agent that can be used as anti-inflammatory and wound-healing drug (cicatrizant) with reduced toxicity.