Uma análise do impacto da experiência ocupacional entre os jovens brasileiros: 2003 a 2012

Abstract

This dissertation sought to evaluate the impact of occupational experience among young Brazilians workers as determining the chances of insertion in the Brazilian labor market as well as on wage differentials. To achieve this goal were adopted models for Propensity Score Matching (PSM) proposed by Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983) and the Counterfactual Analysis by quantile regressions proposed by Chernozhukov, Fernández-Val and Melly (2013), based on the data to the Monthly Employment Survey (PME), 2003-2012. The dissertation is composed of two essays (chapters) whose independent hypothesis drawn is that the occupational experience, ie, the fact that it has exercised an earlier occupation, can be considered an important variable for distinguishing among young workers (16 to 24 years), both in the search for employment and in their salaries. The first essay analyzed the impact of occupational experience in the occupational chances of insertion in the labor market through the econometric methodology Propensity Score Matching while the second essay assessed the impact of occupational experience in the workers' wage differentiation (workers with occupational experience and without occupational experience) by Chernozhukov, Fernández-Val and Melly (2013) method. The results confirm that occupational experience has a positive impact on influences the chances of insertion in the labor market (on average workers with experience have 10% additional chances of being hired compared to those who don’t have occupational experience), as well indicated that workers who have already exercised a previous occupational activity (reemployed workers) have a higher wage income compared to workers without previous experience (workers who are employed at his first job) in all years of the sample, and that this difference is more significant when analyzed workers located in the lower quantiles of the income distribution. Although the methodological and sampling caveats cited throughout the dissertation, the test of sensitivity analysis rectified that occupational experience in the labor market is a criterion used by the employees both in hiring and in payment.