Reflexões sobre a caracterização do perfectivo e do imperfectivo no quadro aspectual do português brasileiro e a transitividade oracional

Abstract

This research has the objective of reflecting on the characterization of the perfective and imperfective aspects to support a scale analysis of the criterion of transitivity aspect that faces the binary perspective of Hopper and Thompson (1980). It is a bibliographic research, with theoretical research, associated to the analysis of examples. The present exemplification is constituted, mainly, of the dissertation of Vanderlei (2014), entitled “Oral Transitivity: reflections on the textual-discursive function of the pronouns o(s), a(s), me, te”, which were the comparative base for us between the scale and binary proposal of analysis of the aspect. We put as the issue of the research the fact that the perfective and imperfective aspects generally being defined by binary oppositions, when it can present a group of more or less obvious traces. We hypothesize that the criterion aspect must be analysed according to the acting of a group of characterizing notions, indicating traces of perfectivity or imperfectivity. The analysis of the exemplification highlighted revealed that the most perfective actions and, therefore, more transitive, are characterized by the presence of notions of punctuality, completion and finishing and by the lack of length, while the most imperfective actions, less transitive, are characterized by the presence of length and completion and the lack of punctuality and finishing. We conclude that there is the possibility modification of binary results from a scale analysis of the criterion of transitivity aspect, signalizing the complementary validity of this last proposal as a form of approximating the study of the functionalist criterion of the particularities of the verbal category in Brazilian Portuguese.