Estudo fitoquímico e antimicrobiano de duas espécies de malvaceae: Pavonia malacophylla (Link & Otto) Garcke e Sida rhombifoliaLl.

Abstract

Medicinal plants are therapeutic resources for curing several disorders and their potential remains poorly explored. Brazil stands out worldwide for its great biodiversity and in its flora, the Malvaceae family has many species used in folk medicine. In this family we highlight the Pavonia and Sida genus because they are to be ones with greater diversity. This work aims to contribute to the phytochemical and biological profile of the Malvaceae family, taking as target the species: Pavonia malacophylla (Link & Otto) Garcke, in a pioneer study and the ongoing study of Sida rhombifolia L. By using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques were isolated and identified, respectively seventeen substances, from which ten were from P. malacophylla: sitosterol (Pm-1), a mixture of stigmasterol and sitosterol glycosylated (Pm-1a and Pm-2b), a mixture of α and β amirins (Pm-3a and Pm-3b), 132-hidroxy-phaeophytin a (Pm-4), 173-ethoxy-phaeophorbide a (Pm-5), kaempferol (Pm-6), quercetin (Pm-7) and tiliroside (Pm-8); and seven from S. rhombifolia: scopoletin (Sr-1), scoporone (Sr-2), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucosyl-6´´-α-L-rhamnoside (Sr-3), quindolinone (Sr-4), cryptolepine salt (Sr-5), 11-methoxy-quindoline (Sr-6) and quindoline (Sr-7). The phases, fractions and isolated compounds had their MIC evaluated against micro-organisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans. The criptolepina salt (Sr-5), an indoquinoline alkaloid, showed a MIC value from 15 to 200 mg / mL.