A Transformada Discreta de Fourier no círculo finito ℤ/nℤ

Abstract

We will do here a theoretical study of the Discrete Fourier Transform on the finite circle ℤ/nℤ. Our main objective is to see if we can get properties analogous to those found in the Fourier transform for the continuous case. In this work we show that ℤ/nℤ has a ring structure, providing conditions for the development of extensively discussed topics in arithmetic, for example, The Chinese Remainder Theorem, Euler’s Phi Function and primitive roots, themes these to be dealt with in first chapter. The main subject of this study is developed in the second chapter, which define the space L2(ℤ/nℤ) and prove that this is a finite-dimensional inner product vector space, with an orthonormal basis. This fact is of utmost importance when we are determining the matrix and demonstrating the properties of the discrete Fourier transform. We will also make geometric interpretations of the Chinese Remainder Theorem and the finite circle ℤ/nℤ as well as give a graphical representation of the DFT of some functions that calculate. During the development of this study we will make recurrent use of definitions and results treated in Arithmetic, Algebra and Linear Algebra.