Análise geoespacial dos casos de dengue e sua relação com fatores socioambientais nos municípios de João pessoa, Cabedelo e Bayeux

Abstract

This work has had as objective to analyze the spatial behavior of dengue cases occurred in João Pessoa, Cabedelo and Bayeux, between 2011 and 2014, taking into consideration the influence of socio-environmental factors. As a methodological basis, was used statistical techniques to geospatial analysis as a tool of public health management, using the geographic space as category of analysis. This review also used geoprocessing techniques to support the epidemiological mapping and characterization of dengue. Aiming the completion of this study were obtained data from atmospheric variables by the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), socio-economic data by IBGE and epidemiological data through Office Secretaries from João Pessoa, Cabedelo and Bayeux, respectively, registered in the Sinan. The statistical parameters generated were: determination coefficient (R²), Pearson coefficient, average distance from the nearest neighbor, geographic weighted center and standard distance. Among the socio-environmental factors, the variables that presented more meaningful values of correlation with the dengue cases were air moisture, rainfall, permanent private dwelling, responsible people with monthly nominal income up to ¹/² minimum wage and responsible people with monthly nominal income from ¹/² to 3 minimum wages. The months from March to August were the ones with the greater number of dengue cases (83%) and those that showed the highest values of rainfall and air moisture. The neighborhoods which indicated the highest amount of dengue cases were Mangabeira, Castelo Branco, Cruz das Armas, Oitizeiro and Cristo Redentor, all of them situated in João Pessoa city. However, the neighborhoods with the highest prevalence were São José, in João Pessoa and Morada Nova and Camboinha in Cabedelo town. The socio-environmental factors like improper waste disposal, settlements with no garbage collection and unsupported by public agencies, added to climatic conditions, were evidenced as the great responsible for the dengue occurrence.