Qualidade de vida de cuidadores e cuidado em saúde bucal prestado às crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral

Abstract

The quality of life (QoL) of children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CAPC) and Oral Care (CB) provided the CAPC were described, as well as the factors associated with the presence of unsatisfactory CB. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 72 CAPC from 2 to 18 years old, from 5 rehabilitation institutions of João Pessoa-PB, and their respective caregivers. Socioeconomic data, health perception, access to health services, behavioral, systemic and QOL of the CAPC (PedsQL 4.0) and the caregiver (WHOQOL-bref) were provided by caregivers. The mean value of each WHOQOL-bref domain was calculated and the scores were transformed into a scale from 0 to 100, so that the higher the score, the better the QoL. CB was constructed by two domains: eating habits and oral hygiene. The evaluation of dietary habits included consistency of diet and number of cariogenic snacks, while oral hygiene habits included brushing frequency, oral hygiene difficulty and toothbrushing moment. The domains were coded, computed and, at the end, the CB was classified as satisfactory, regular and unsatisfactory. Poisson regression was used (α = 0.05). CAPC caregivers reported more frequently their QOL as good (64.9%) and satisfaction with their health (55.4%). The physical, psychological, social and environmental domains of the caregivers presented mean (standard deviation) of 66.3 (± 14.6), 62.1 (± 14.5), 66.5 (± 14.0) and 49.4 (± 11.5), respectively. CAPC caregivers need to improve QoL in the environment domain and have regular QoL in the physical, psychological and social relationships domains. The prevalence of satisfactory, regular and unsatisfactory BC was 10.6%, 42.4% and 47%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the unsatisfactory BC was associated with the psychological domain of the caregiver's QOL (RP 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98-0.99). CAPC caregivers need to improve QoL in the environment domain and have regular QoL in the physical, psychological, and social domains. The self-perception of QoL of caregivers contrasts with the classification of the domains of the instrument. The frequency of unsatisfactory BAC of the CAPC was high and associated with the psychological domain of the caregiver's QoL.