Lógica fuzzy aplicada na otimização operacional de rede setorizada de distribuição de água

Abstract

This work presents the solution to the problem of overpressure in water supply systems that have water injection directly in the network or with pumps installed in series in the network (booster) in which these operations result in the increase of the number of leaks, waste of water and electric power. The application of the fuzzy control technique to the motor-pump assembly, and to the pressure regulating valves (PRVs) when water demand changes, provoking an increase in pressure, proved to be an excellent solution to control pressure at a constant value and to reduce electric energy consumption. The research was developed on a network that simulates a real system, being divided into three sectors, and at the entrances of two of them PRVs were installed to assist in control, making a fine adjustment when the pump controller is no longer acting. The architecture of the control system is designed with two fuzzy controllers, one of them being applied in the motor-pump by modulating the motor speed, and a second controller, called "efficient" fuzzy, acting on PRVs to control the opening and closing of the water flow. The "efficient" fuzzy aimed to transfer excess pressure energy from one sector to another by closing the valve section. The relevance of the work is also in the benefit that such study will provide sanitation companies with the average reduction of 19.46% in the electric energy consumption when applied in systems similar to that of this research. As a final result in energy gain, the Specific Consumption index has been applied, showing a 23% reduction between the operation without control and under the action of the fuzzy control.