Determinação da remoção de cor e parâmetros fisicoquímicos em efluente têxtil via adsorção.

Abstract

The pigments coming from the processes executed in the textile industry are disposed on the effluents, leading to a variety of environmental problems. The adsorption process has proven to be efficient and cheap, and the use of clay as adsorber is growing in this scenario. This is occurring because not only an abundant material in Brazil, but also it has a low cost and offers no risk to the environment. The objective of this work is to evaluate adsorption capacity of removal of contaminants in a real textile effluent while using clay as adsorber, and also evaluate the possibility of reuse. The experiments of adsorption used portions of 5% to 100% of the total effluent, at temperatures of 30ºC, and under agitation for 6 hours. The materials were characterized through granulometric analysis of the diffraction of x-ray and the spectroscopy of adsorption in the infrared region. A removal of 66,4% was obtained for the largest value of concentration, 81,7% in the color removal, 89,1% in turbidity, and 62,7 in the removal of total phosphorous. Thus, showing satisfactory results in those parameters. The study of adsorption isotherms was made through the processing of data, leading to a Freundlich model as the most fitting, with a linear regression coefficient of 0,9730. According to the results of this work, it is possible to affirm that the use of clay as adsorber was satisfactory in the removal of contaminants present in the effluent, however it is not possible to reuse it due to its high total phosphorous concentration.