Avaliação Do Consumo De Água Nas Estruturas Pré-Moldadas A Partir Da Otimização Com Algoritmos Genéticos

Abstract

Due to all the concerns related to land resources availability in the future and the impacts that civil construction plays on them. There is a need to develop techniques that effectively minimize the environmental damage that the construction industry has been causing. Therefore, this article has an objective to develop a study focused on the development of building a pre-cast structure that can reduce water consumption; in this stage by using the optimization of genetic algorithms. A survey was made to identify the main sources of water consumption in a concrete precast building construction. The main sources are the water utilized in the steel manufacture and water used to trace and to cure the concrete. To apply this methodology, a simulation of a constructed four-level building with an area 30x30m was generated. It was observed that the highest consumption of water was to cure the concrete. The curing presented a consumption of up to 80% of the total water for the fabrication of the structure. A number that can relate the built area and its water consumption was found as 0,40m³/m², considering the concrete cure period was 28 days. Another simulation was made considering 14 days concrete cure period to compare with the number found before and its results has shown a decrease of 34% in the water consumption. After all, the results were compared to the code presented for Vieira (2014) in his work, which has an objective to reduce CO2 emissions. This comparison has shown that to minimize water consumption its concrete resistances were higher than the concrete resistances found in the optimization of Vieira’s study. Even though both studies were different, it was possible to find an intersection point between them that was balanced on both. Finally, while developing this study it was possible to understand that there are many factors directly related to sustainability and that it is difficult to compare all of them at the same time, since it is a multidisciplinary subject.