Investigando os riscos de contaminação de vias hídricas pela indústria do petróleo

Abstract

The petrochemical industry is an activity in constant growth due to the current energy demands, and the development of oil mining is increasing due to the recent discoveries of pre-salt fields; one of the largest reserves is situated in the Brazilian offshore. Accidents involving the oil industry and water resources have been experienced and registered by several countries due to major risks of contamination for the environment and populations by substances present in petroleum and in its derivatives which are recognized as environmental carcinogens. Brazil has a notable history of accidents with serious consequences for the environment and for humans. This paper aims to survey accidents registered in Brazil and identify hot spots for contamination, as well as investigate socioeconomic features of populations at risk of contamination from exposure to contaminants through the use of water resources.