Setor elétrico brasileiro: impactos do processo de privatização sobre o emprego

Abstract

This paper analyses tlie changes which occurred in employment in the Brazilian electric sector from 1986 to 2000, emphasizing the period 1995-2000, when the privatization process begun. The most important data used for the development of this investigation was obtained from the Ministry of Work and Employment, through the Annual Report of Social Information (RAIS). In order to analyze tlie consequences of privatization a review of the historic process of the constitution and evolution of the national State until the present stage marked by the inquiry of the “minimunm State” was conducted. The study shows that employment in the electric sector presents features very different from the national reality: higher levels of remuneration of scholarship ando f the duration of the employer entail. After the privatization process significant changes were observed in consequence of the new modelo f management of the labour force. A strong reduction at the level of employment and of remuneration was observed as well as a shortening of the service time of the employees. It was also possible to observe the intensification of the labour’s use evidenced by the number of accidents, the hours of contract and the number of clients per employee. Finally two techniques were used to condense th qualitative information into numbers: na índex of quality of the formal emplyment and a econometric modelo f multiplique regression using the least squared method. All the tools used show a deterioration of employment quality in the sector, confirming the general hypothesis of this investigation.