Análise espacial do uso e ocupação do solo nas áreas de preservação permanente na região do alto curso do rio Gramame-PB

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze the use and occupation of APP in the Upper Grameme River Course between 2013 and 2018 in the Upper Gramame River Basin, based on the assumption that the vegetation preservation is of great importance The quantitative-qualitative analyzes identified the types of agro-silvo-pastoral activity in the area, as well as the irrigation plantations caused by agroindustries, considering the mappings carried out in the area to identify the problems occur near the source of the springs that suffers from the noncompliance with the new Brazilian forest code. According to the methodology, it was necessary to vectorize the study area, aiming to identify the elements of the present in the APP, and to know the areas by means of data collection in the field, with landsat8 images the objective is to identify and analyze the area in which the Upper Gramame Basin is inserted, guiding the use and occupation of the land near the springs, as well as through information through ALos Palsar images, and data collected from the residents living there in the proximity of the tributaries of the basin . Initially, a bibliographic survey was carried out to identify the main characteristics of the basin, or literature on the subject, so that later, through satellite images, cartographic products could be generated through GIS software. Through information collected from the residents who live there in the proximity of the tributaries of the basin. Initially, a bibliographic survey was carried out to identify its location in the territory of the Alhandra sub -basin, so that it was possible to generate cartographic products through software that generated maps of slope, hypsometry, order of rivers, use and occupation of land in APP in a comparative analysis, where the results allowed to identify the evolutionary process of use and irregular occupation in the study area, since this analysis performed through the data collection allowed to verify how much degraded area was affected by the anthropogenic actions in the region , I try to see that the permanent preservation area (APP) has been attacked so that the environment can not respond at the same speed, because the environment is already at the level of degradation so high in some spring in its surroundings, caused by the presence of exposed soil and the absence of vegetation that compromises the dynamics of the watercourse, in this way it is necessary to preserve the environment " APP "so that the circulation of the gene flows remains. I try to consider that the use of geotechnologies for the study in preservation area is presented as technical support to guarantee a better delimitation of the study area, due to the lack of inspection that the anthropogenic actions in the area led to the extinction of this protection, with this the springs and its course comes every year, which is lost losing its function of providing water to Gramame Basin.