O empréstimo consignado e suas consequências no orçamento familiar de aposentados e pensionistas do INSS de João Pessoa/PB

Abstract

The present study discusses the effects of the payroll loan on the income of retirees and pensioners of the INSS in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba. The main objectives were to analyze the socio demographic profile of the elderly public, to verify the level of financial education through the behavior of the consumer before contracting payroll loans and, finally, to identify the impacts of the same in their family budget. Starting from a qualitative methodological perspective, interviews were conducted with eight retirees and INSS pensioners who, at some point in their lives, used payroll deductible credit through a semi-structured roadmap during the month of September. Participants were selected for convenience in bank agencies during the period of receipt of income and the content of the interviews was analyzed using the content analysis technique. As a result, it was verified that the participants receive between one to two minimum salaries of pension of the INSS, corroborating with data of the Secretariat of Social Security on the profile of borrowers, being the majority women that divide the dwelling with husbands and children and have a family income of 2.5 minimum monthly wages. Regarding the level of financial education of the participants, all were aware of both the conditions and functioning of payroll loans, mentioning terms and values of the installments of the last loans made and considering themselves well informed about the service by the institutions responsible, as well as the risks inherent in its long term contracting. With regard to the consequences of the loan allocated to the family budget, it was noted that among them are the long-term commitment of income, a decrease in the purchasing power of families and debts, due to the decrease in income due to the direct discount of the loan in the benefit ratio of retirees and pensioners, who choose which bills to pay at the end of the month. Other consequences mentioned above, but which are important to mention are: the addiction generated by this type of product and the perception of worsening living standards. It was concluded that in order to avoid or reduce such impacts, a more active participation of the government is necessary in the creation of effective programs that provide not only a good education, but a financial literacy aimed specifically at the elderly public, that guides them to carry out a family planning effective way and use the financial budget tool to better track your income and expenses and look for alternatives to lessen the negative loan’s impacts if you need to resort to it again in times of need.