Estimativa do balanço hídrico como ferramenta para planejamento agrícola no brejo paraibano

Abstract

Rational use of water resources in agriculture is associated with prior information on soil water availability and local water conditions. Thus, the work aims to analyze the water conditions of the Olho D´Água Farm, inserted in the municipality of Areia-PB in three different years, from climatic data such as air temperature and rainfall and soil characteristics, identifying months with water surplus and water deficiency in three distinct years, which represent years with usual, wetter and less rainy patterns. The available water capacity was determined after physical analysis in the most representative soils of the study area, being collected in the field. and determined in Laboratory. The water balance was determined from the Thorthwaite and Mather (1955) method, from INMET data, obtained from the Meteorological Station located at the CCA / UFPB, from 1974 to 2018. The average annual rainfall of the study area is 1,400 mm. Considering the Available Water Capacity (DAC) value for Argisols soils, the water balance was calculated for 3 different years, considering 2003 as the usual year, 1986 as the wettest and 1993 as the least wettable. What enables the implementation of an agricultural planning in the municipality of Areia. The results of the normal climatological water balance over the period of 44 years define the municipality of Areia as a municipality that has a regular distribution of rainfall and indicates a high possibility for success in agriculture, besides pointing out that the most representative soil, the Argisol, is a soil that supports the water deficit and can store water all year round without the need for irrigation for some crops.