Gasto público subnacional em educação e desempenho escolar: uma análise quantitativa para o caso dos municípios da Paraíba

Abstract

Given the pattern of decentralization of Brazilian federalism, subnational entities, especially municipalities, significantly expanded their participation in the provision of public policy since the Constitution of 1988. The managerial capacity of local governments, therefore, constitutes an important vector for the quality of policies offered to citizens. So, does municipal public spending per elementary school student improve school performance in the municipalities of Paraíba? This work, in the light of the theoretical perspective of endogenous decentralization, sought to answer this question by measuring possible effects of municipal public spending on basic education on the average performance of Saeb assessments and the performance of students in the 223 cities of Paraíba, between the years 2008 to 2017. For this purpose, panel data was used for the First Difference, Fixed Effect, Random Effect and Quantile regression method. The results suggest how the effect of municipal public spending per capita increases the proficiency of students, also reducing failure and dropout rates, also presenting different results for each variable used, where in all models the Portuguese score had a greater impact in Paraíba.