Desindustrialização: uma análise do caso brasileiro

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the Brazilian industry starting from a historical and current perspective to understand the problem of the loss of importance of manufacturing in total GDP of the country. Thus, we sought to verify the evolution of the industry and the observation of the behavior of certain variables such as industrial production in different sectors; Gross fixed capital formation; Total GDP of industry, agriculture and services; per capita income; real effective exchange rate; the interest rate; number of industrial establishments; recipe of the manufacturing industry; trade balance, confidence index of the industrial sector, so that could help identify whether occurring in Brazil is the phenomenon of deindustrialization. After examining the data and the theoretical analysis has been possible to refute some formulations held true as the statement that Brazil would be de-industrializing naturally, through qualitative structural change through the growth of the service sector at the expense of the industrial sector. While this possibility was deconstructed, the analysis confirmed that the country really faces a deindustrialization resulting from misguided economic policies, integration into the world economic dynamics and appreciation in commodity prices. This assessment has led to the phenomenon that many authors refer to as "Dutch disease" or "resource curse".