Impactos das salmoneloses na avicultura e na saúde pública: uma revisão de literatura.

Abstract

This study gathered information about the occurrence of salmonellosis in poultry and how they affect the public health system. As a result of bibliographic research, it was determined that bacteria of the genus Salmonella are naturally present within poultry production systems and that they reveal pathogenicity for birds and humans so that in the poultry sector, Salmonella Pullorum is the cause of bird pulorosis, Salmonela Gallinarum is the cause of avian typhus and other species, especially Salmonella enterica Enteritidis and Salmonela enterica Typhimurium, trigger paratyphical diseases that can also affect humans. It was identified that in the scope of public health and referring to the diagnosed cases of gastroenteritis produced by Salmonella spp. 99% of the cases are related to the species S. bongori and S. enterica. Over the years, specific factors of bacterial virulence associated with a deficit in monitoring, control and eradication of the Salmonella genus in poultry farming and the inappropriate use of antibiotics in the sector allowed resistant strains to be selected, making it difficult to treat DTAs in humans, which led to the rate of , in Brazil alone, 120 thousand cases reported with a record of 99 deaths for the year 2018 in a scenario of underreporting and lack of epidemiological data, while in the USA in the same period 1,200,000 cases were reported with 420 deaths, which resulted in actions by international institutions such as the WHO and the OIE to have effective governmental actions worldwide to combat the occurrence of the Salmonella genus in poultry farming. This work aimed to gather information about the occurrence of salmonellosis in poultry, the main serotypes involved and the reflection of their occurrence in public health; it was also an objective to identify reliable citations regarding acquired bacterial resistance and to present official data regarding notifications of DTAs related to Salmonella spp.