Análise da distribuição espacial dos hidrantes da cidade de João Pessoa–PB utilizando sistemas de informações geográficas

Abstract

Due to their particular characteristics, urban centers are areas that present particularly high levels of fire risk. In this sense, knowledge about the spatialization of fire hydrants in the urban environment is essential for fighting fires. This study aims to analyze the spatialization of urban hydrants in the city of João Pessoa, checking if the spatial distribution of these resources is in accordance with the specific legislation of. Altogether, 125 hydrants were identified in the city, with the districts of Mangabeira, Centro and Varadouro having the highest amount of hydrants, with eleven, eight and six hydrants respectively. Fire occurrences totaled 1,468 attended from January 2016 to December 2017, highlighting the district of Mangabeira, adding 177 fire occurrences attended by the 1st Military Fire Brigade, followed by Valentina with 77 occurrences and Center with 73 fire occurrences, which correspond to 12.06%, 5.25% and 4.97% of all fire cases, respectively. Based on the results, it was possible to identify several areas where the coverage of hydrants is very poor. Neighborhoods such as Mangabeira, Valentina, Centro, Cabo Branco and Portal do Sol, which have the highest rates of fire occurrence, showed a great absence of hydrants in the area of operation (300 meters), thus generating an immense void. Another observed fact was that neighborhoods with a high verticalization index such as Manaíra, Tambaú, Bessa and Jardim Oceania have between 01 and 02 hydrants within their limits, once again proving the great voids existing by noncompliance with Technical Standard No. 003/2012 - of Paraíba Military Fire Brigade (CBMPB) and Brazilian Technical Standard (NBR) 12218/1994.