10 anos depois: o nível de conformidade das demonstrações contábeis das empresas do setor de siderurgia listadas na B3 à luz do CPC 27

Abstract

In this study, based on the guidelines of IAS 16 – Property, Plant and Equipment, the current level of compliance of the financial statements of companies in the steel sector listed in B3 was analyzed. This descriptive, documentary and predominantly quantitative research presents the situation of the financial reports of the companies for 2009 and 2018. These data are available on the websites of CVM, B3 and the companies object of the study. In compliance with CVM Instruction 457/2007 and Federal Law 11,638/2007, Brazilian publicly-held companies had to adopt the accounting rules established by the IASB as of the fiscal year ended on December 31, 2010. Thus, the country was definitely inserted in the context of globalized accounting. Ten years after the convergence process began, the evidence suggested that companies increased the level of compliance with accounting standards. Regarding compliance with the procedures of IAS 16, of the 50 possible disclosures, in 2009, only 31 were made, that is, the average of disclosure was 62%. In 2018, companies made 46 disclosures, reaching an average disclosure percentage of 92%, representing an increase of 48% from one period to the next. In the individualized examination, the companies manifested different scenarios in the average of disclosure, ranging from 50% to 95%, however, considering only 2018, the companies obtained percentages of at least 90%, with a positive highlight for Usiminas in both scenarios. Except for Gerdau in 2018, organizations revealed a high degree of immobilization in relation to total assets, due to the particularities of the steel industry, which requires large investments in machinery, equipment and other tangible goods, with an average of 35% in 2009 and 25% in 2018. In comparison with previous studies, it was realized that time was a crucial element for companies to obtain optimal rates of adaptation to international standards, gradually improving the state of standardization.