Hieros Gamos: Sexualidade sagrada, do “Norte” e “Sul” míticos ao corpo tântrico/alquímico

Abstract

Tantrism does not emerge from a vacuum, being influenced by cultural interactions with Central Asia, Persia and Europe, but its Indian roots are the most important and its philosophy reaches us, bringing us its mythical and symbolic charge. In his philosophy, the structure of the universe consists of two opposite poles, 'two natures' that seek unity (two variants of the same thing), their connection, interaction and complementarity have been defined by the expressions coniunctio oppositorum or mysterium coniunctionis, terms coined by Jung , but also called hieros gamos or sacred marriage, considered the "objective" of alchemy. We thus seek to suggest convergences between Tantrism and alchemy, where both traditions seek the harmony of opposites (hieros gamos). In this way, we work through an “alchemical look” on the probable mythical origins of Tantrism, a look that follows an analogous correspondence between cultures coming from the geographical poles and the tantric / alchemical body, acting as territories and archetypal representations of the cosmos. Both in the realm of ideas and in things, a religion adopts words, images and rites of another religion as a kind of bricolage, in mutual interconnections. Thus, in this work, we followed a symbolic-archaeological road, looking at the domains of ancient sacred sexuality until the so-called new “Tantric” religious expressions of Western modernity as reinterpretations of the Tantric tradition and esoteric East and West synthesis. Philosophy and practices of tantric alchemy are directed at intuition as an ancient way of reaching knowledge, using myth and the use of symbology, seeking to reconnect belief and science in a single axis.