Adaptação de genótipos de café arábica no município de Areia - PB (Ano II)

Abstract

The world market for coffee production has been led by Brazil for over a hundred years. As the largest producer and exporter in the world, coffee growing is of enormous economic importance for the country. Several institutions in the country are conducting research, where they see improvements in Brazilian coffee growing with emphasis on the area of genetic improvement, developing new cultivars adapted to different conditions of cultivation and also bringing superior agronomic characteristics. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of 21 coffee genotypes (Coffea arabica) in the municipality of Areia-PB, located in Brejo Paraibano, and also to determine which of these genotypes have the best degree of adaptation to the site. The experiment was conducted in the experimental agricultural area of "Chã de Jardim”, the same is territory belonging to the Department of Phytotechnics and Environmental Sciences of the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Paraíba, Campus-II, being this located in the municipality of Areia-PB. One year after the last evaluation carried out in June 2019, a new data collection was carried out, in which five variables were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, crown diameter, number of branches and leaf area. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and their results were compared by the Scott Knot test to 5% probability, using the statistical program GENES, version 2018.5.3. The T5 II, T21 I, T15 I, T2 II and T1 I genotypes showed higher height indices. The T5 II genotype, which showed the highest average height, also presented the highest crown diameter. In the stem diameter graph, we observed a statistical difference in three levels (a, b and c), with the T21 I genotype with the best mean. The T3I genotype presented the best leaf area response, this same genotype had lower averages in crown diameter, stem diameter and still was the lowest average in height and number of branches. The number of branches was the only variable that did not obtain significant difference in any of the genotypes. Therefore, based on these results, there are two genotypes that should be seen with more attention because they vary among the best means of all the characters that presented significance (height, crown diameter, stem diameter and leaf area) are the T21 I and T15 I genotypes.