O programa Minha Casa Minha Vida e a expansão urbana na Zona Sul da cidade de João Pessoa: uma análise do bairro Gramame

Abstract

The present research has as object of analysis the relation of the production of the housing with the production of the urban space, having as central element the housing of social interest produced by the State in the city of João Pessoa-PB and, particularly in the neighborhood of Gramame. Housing production in the last decade from the Minha Casa Minha Vida Program (2009 - 2018) led to an accelerated growth of the urban fabric in the aforementioned area, reaffirming the performance of the public power, which since BNH policy (1964 - 1986) has directed construction of housing estates for the southern area of the municipality. Thus, the main objective of the research is to analyze the repercussion of the Federal Government's Minha Casa Minha Vida Program on the production of housing and urban space, with regard to the growth of the urban fabric in the Gramame neighborhood in João Pessoa, through the different agents social space producers. The city of João Pessoa has been going through significant transformations, mainly, with regard to the dynamics of the expansion of the urban network driven by the MCMV's undertakings, especially the Band 1 housing estates aimed at the lower income population. The research has as time frame the course 2009 - 2018. For its implementation, a bibliographic and documentary survey was carried out, referring to Brazilian housing policies and the production of urban space, which served as support for the formulation of the theoretical-conceptual framework. Official data were used, provided by the State Popular Housing Company (CEHAP), João Pessoa City Hall (PMJP), Planning Secretary (SEPLAN), Municipal Social Housing Secretariat (SEMHAB), Ministry of Regional Development and Caixa Econômica Federal. From the information and data collected in these institutions, it was possible to build tables, graphs and maps indicating the location, number of the developments and housing built by the MCMV program. The use of Geotechnologies was fundamental for cartographic surveys and for spatial analysis. The satellite images of the city of João Pessoa obtained by the software Google Earth, were essential to observe the growth of the urban fabric in the district of Gramame. The research reveals the growth of the city in the southern area of the municipality, especially in the district of Gramame promoted by the MCMV program as well as the real estate dynamics that took place in this area, transforming old rural areas into urban ones, as well as expanding the network and urban dynamics latent form.