Urolitíase obstrutiva em equino: Relato de caso

Abstract

Obstructive urolithiasis is an affection that affects horses independently of sex, age or breed. Adult males, castrated and without racial predisposition are more affected. The uroliths are more frequently located in the bladder (60% of the cases) or in the urethra (24% of the cases), and kidney stones (12% of the cases) and ureteral stones (4% of the cases) are uncommon. In view of the clinical importance of this condition, this study aims to report a case of obstructive urolithiasis in a horse treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia-PB. The owner reported that the patient had free access to pasture and had been eating algaroba pods (Prosopis juliflora) and brachiaria grass (Brachiaria decumbens), with availability of water ad libitum; however, he had been presenting a decreased appetite, dry feces, in small quantities, and urinary incontinence for approximately 6 months. The owner observed that the patient was restless and uncomfortable. There were clinical signs typical of colic, such as positioning in lateral decubitus and rolling. During hospitalization, blood and urine samples were collected for hematological, biochemical, and urinalysis tests. Besides these, ultrasonography was also performed in the urethra, pelvic and penile portions, bladder and kidneys. The animal was diagnosed and referred to surgery and recovered well. This paper highlights the importance of etiological aspects, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations to obtain an accurate diagnosis and implement a timely surgical intervention for a significant clinical evolution of the patient without sequelae or secondary complications.