Ocorrência da peste suína clássica nas regiões norte e nordeste do Brasil (2000 - 2020)

Abstract

Classical Swine Fever (CSF) is a disease that has a high contagious power, where domestic and wild pigs are the main victims. This disease has as its etiological agent a virus belonging to the genus Pestivirus, of the Flaviridae family. It is a disease that causes great economic losses for farmers, and is mandatory notification to the Official Veterinary Service (SVO). The measures for its control and eradication are determined by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA), included in the National Pork Health Program (PNSS). The disease can present itself in more than one form, i.e. subacute, acute and chronic, characterized by the virulence of the viral strain, the immunity status of the animal and its age group. In Brazil, as recommended in the PNSS norms, there are currently two areas that make up the "status sanitarius" for CSP: a free zone (ZL) and a non-free zone (ZnL). The ZL is composed of the states of the South, Southeast and Center-West regions and the states of Bahia and Sergipe, in the Northeast region and the states of Rondônia and Acre, in the North region of Brazil, while the ZnL is represented by the remaining states of the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. The objective of this study is to collect data on the notifications made by the Brazilian Official Veterinary Service to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) regarding cases of classical swine fever in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil between the years 2000 and 2020. The information was obtained from the OIE World Animal Health Information System (OIE-WAHIS) database. A total of 107 CSP outbreaks were recorded in the North and Northeast regions during the period studied, distributed in 4 outbreaks in 2000, 11 outbreaks in 2001, 4 outbreaks in 2003, 1 outbreak in 2004, 7 outbreaks in 2006, 1 outbreak in 2007, 1 outbreak in 2008, 18 outbreaks in 2009, 30 outbreaks in 2018 and 30 outbreaks in 2019. During the research period some years recorded no CSP outbreaks (2002, 2005, 2010 to 2017 and 2020).