Brometo de etídio na identificação de bombas de efluxo em bactérias para controle de mastite bovina: revisão integrativa

Abstract

The issue of antimicrobial resistance is increasingly taking place in the world public health, including Veterinary Medicine. Given this scenario, it is essential to seek new strategies to combat the causative microorganisms and bovine mastitis, in addition to the use of antibiotics. In this sense, the identification of efflux pumps through methodologies using Ethidium Bromide is inserted as a possibility in the scientific community. This paper presents a systematic integrative review based on the existing literature on this topic. Therefore, 28 articles were selected, published and made available online, which address the identification of efflux systems using Ethidium bromide and its relationship with bacterial resistance. Based on the studies, we found that there are several methodological applicability for Ethidium bromide in the qualitative and quantitative identification process of efflux systems. The application of these methodologies within veterinary microbiology, depending on the objective of the study, can provide important information about the role of these systems for the resistance of several bacterial species and, therefore, has clinical implications for combating these pathogens in bovine mastitis. Furthermore, it is possible and essential to explore more studies on this topic in search of effective applications, especially in different geographic parts of those that have already issued a study on the subject, using local experimental samples, given that the epidemiology of bacterial resistance may change according to the location and knowing these realities is essential for effective combat, regardless of the strategy used.