Ortotanásia frente à terminalidade: o cuidar quando não se pode mais curar uma análise entre o direito e a medicina

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the institute of orthothanasia through the constitutional principles of the individual's right to life, dignity and freedom. Intending to bring a reflection on the treatment of death in its most varied aspects, discussing the extent to which therapeutic approaches are acceptable in the face of terminal illness. What, then, would be the ideal behavior in the face of death? Should all possible means be used to delay the moment of death, or is the best way to wait for its arrival? Faced with such discussion, the present work aims to analyze what would be the appropriate means to print a dignified death to patients who are terminally ill. In order to resolve such questions and due to the broad social relevance of the topic, a study was then carried out through bibliographical and documental research, carrying out in-depth investigations in books, scientific articles, electronic documents and legal norms in order to reach valid conclusions for the delicate issues faced. During the text narrative, fundamental rights and guarantees such as the right to life and dignity are discussed as pillars for facing death as a dignified phenomenon. Likewise, there is an explanation of the concepts of euthanasia, dysthanasia and orthothanasia and the consequences of their application in the light of the normative text. Finally, a reflection on deeper and more intrinsic issues that make up the experience of death is brought up, such as the importance of palliative care and the role of religion in the face of suffering. Therefore, it is concluded that orthothanasia comprises the most appropriate therapeutic means for coping with terminality, since it applies through it the individual's right not to undergo extreme treatments that will bring them nothing but unnecessary suffering , with the preservation of autonomy and dignity of the terminal patient.